Signals and Systems
Mathematical tools to describe signals and how systems change them: convolution, Fourier, Laplace and z-transforms.
Every electronic circuit can be viewed as a system that transforms an input signal into an output signal. This subject gives you the mathematics to predict that behaviour in time and in frequency.
Sub-topics (8)
Classification of Signals
Continuous vs discrete, periodic vs aperiodic, energy vs power, even vs odd signals.
LTI Systems and Convolution
Linear time-invariant systems are fully described by their impulse response; the output is the input convolved with it.
Fourier Series
Any periodic signal is a sum of sine waves at multiples of its fundamental frequency.
Fourier Transform
Convert a signal from the time domain to the frequency domain — its spectrum.
Laplace Transform
Turns differential equations into algebra; transfer functions, poles and zeros describe circuits and control systems.
Sampling Theorem
Sample faster than twice the highest frequency, or the signal aliases into false frequencies.
Z-Transform
The discrete-time counterpart of the Laplace transform, used to design and analyse digital filters.
Digital Filters
FIR and IIR filters process sampled signals in software or hardware.
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