Power Semiconductor Devices

Device	Typical voltage	Switching speed	Typical use
Thyristor (SCR)	up to ~10 kV	slow (line frequency)	HVDC, controlled rectifiers
Power MOSFET (Si)	< ~600 V (usually < 200 V)	very fast	SMPS, low-voltage drives
IGBT	600 V – 6.5 kV	medium (≤ ~20–50 kHz)	VFDs, EV inverters, traction
SiC MOSFET	650 V – 3.3 kV	fast	EV inverters, solar, fast chargers
GaN HEMT	≤ ~650 V	very fast (MHz)	compact chargers, data-centre PSUs

Losses are conduction losses ($I^2R_{on}$ or $V_{CE}I$) plus switching losses, which rise with frequency. Thermal design (heatsinks, thermal resistance $\theta_{JA}$) is just as important as electrical design.