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UPEEC

Sinusoidal Waveforms

Amplitude, frequency, period, phase, RMS and average values of a sine wave.

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v(t)=Vmsin⁡(ωt+ϕ)ω=2πfT=1fv(t) = V_m \sin(\omega t + \phi) \qquad \omega = 2\pi f \qquad T = \frac{1}{f}

QuantitySine wave value
PeakVmV_m
Peak-to-peak2Vm2V_m
RMSVm/2≈0.707VmV_m/\sqrt{2} \approx 0.707V_m
Average (half cycle)2Vm/π≈0.637Vm2V_m/\pi \approx 0.637V_m
Form factorRMS/average ≈ 1.11
Crest factorpeak/RMS ≈ 1.414

The RMS value delivers the same heating power as that DC value. Indian mains is 230 V RMS, so its peak is about 325 V.

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