Passive Components
Resistors, capacitors, inductors and transformers — components that do not amplify, but shape every circuit.
Passive components cannot add energy to a signal; they resist, store or transfer it. They are the most common parts on any PCB, and choosing them well (value, tolerance, rating, package) separates a reliable design from a fragile one.
Sub-topics (5)
Resistors
Components that set current and voltage using resistance; specified by value, tolerance and power rating.
Capacitors
Store energy in an electric field; block DC and pass AC.
Inductors
Store energy in a magnetic field; oppose changes in current.
Transformers
Two coupled coils that step AC voltage up or down; they also provide electrical isolation.
Switches and Relays
Mechanical switches and electromagnetically operated relays make or break circuits.
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