Web Concepts
How the web works from a Python developer's point of view.
This is an overview — pick a sub-topic below.
Sub-topics (8)
HTTP, Requests and Responses
Browsers send requests (method, URL, headers, body); servers return responses (status code, headers, body).
WSGI and ASGI
The interfaces between Python apps and web servers: WSGI is synchronous; ASGI supports async, WebSockets and long-lived connections.
REST APIs
Expose resources at URLs and manipulate them with HTTP methods, usually exchanging JSON.
GraphQL
Clients ask for exactly the fields they need in one query over a typed schema.
WebSockets and Server-Sent Events
Keep a connection open so the server can push live updates — chat, dashboards, live sensor readings.
Authentication and Authorization
Prove who a user is (sessions, tokens, OAuth) and decide what they may do (roles, permissions).
Templates and Server-Side Rendering
Generate HTML on the server by filling templates with data.
Web Security Basics
Defend against the common attacks: SQL injection, XSS, CSRF, broken authentication, insecure uploads.
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