Environments and Package Managers
Install packages and keep each project's dependencies isolated.
This is an overview — pick a sub-topic below.
Sub-topics (8)
pip
Python's standard package installer, pulling from PyPI.
uv
An extremely fast Python package and project manager written in Rust (by Astral).
Poetry
Dependency management and packaging with pyproject.toml and a lockfile.
Conda, Anaconda and Miniconda
A cross-language package and environment manager — strong for scientific stacks with C/Fortran dependencies.
Pipenv, PDM and Hatch
Other project managers: Pipenv (Pipfile), PDM (PEP-standard), Hatch (environments + builds).
virtualenv and venv
Create isolated Python environments; venv is built in, virtualenv is the faster third-party original.
pyenv
Install and switch between multiple Python versions (macOS/Linux; pyenv-win on Windows).
pipx
Install Python command-line tools in their own isolated environments.
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